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API Reference

Complete API documentation for pycubrid — a pure Python DB-API 2.0 driver for CUBRID.

Table of Contents

Module-Level Attributes

These attributes are defined at the module level as required by PEP 249.

Attribute Value Description
apilevel "2.0" DB-API specification version
threadsafety 1 Threads may share the module but not connections
paramstyle "qmark" Question mark parameter style: WHERE name = ?
__version__ "1.3.0" Package version string 
import pycubrid

print(pycubrid.apilevel)      # "2.0"
print(pycubrid.threadsafety)  # 1
print(pycubrid.paramstyle)    # "qmark"
print(pycubrid.__version__)   # "1.3.0"

Module-Level Constructor

pycubrid.connect()

def connect(
    host: str = "localhost",
    port: int = 33000,
    database: str = "",
    user: str = "dba",
    password: str = "",
    decode_collections: bool = False,
    json_deserializer: Any = None,
    ssl: bool | ssl_module.SSLContext | None = None,
    **kwargs: Any,
) -> Connection

Create a new database connection.

Parameters:

Parameter Type Default Description
host str "localhost" CUBRID server hostname or IP address
port int 33000 CUBRID broker port
database str "" Database name
user str "dba" Database user
password str "" Database password
decode_collections bool False Decode SET/MULTISET/SEQUENCE columns into Python collections
json_deserializer Any None Callable used to decode JSON columns on fetch; when unset JSON is returned as str
ssl bool \| ssl_module.SSLContext \| None None Opt-in TLS for sync broker connections
**kwargs Any — Additional parameters such as connect_timeout, read_timeout, fetch_size, enable_timing, no_backslash_escapes, and autocommit

decode_collections

When False (the default), collection columns are returned as raw CAS wire bytes for backward compatibility. When True, pycubrid decodes supported SET, MULTISET, and SEQUENCE payloads into Python containers.

JSON Columns

json_deserializer controls JSON column decoding on fetch:

Setting Result
None (default) Return JSON columns as str
callable Pass the raw JSON string to the callable and return its result

Returns: A new Connection instance.

Raises: OperationalError if the connection cannot be established.

import pycubrid

# Minimal connection
conn = pycubrid.connect(database="testdb")

# Full connection with timeout
conn = pycubrid.connect(
    host="192.168.1.100",
    port=33000,
    database="production",
    user="app_user",
    password="secret",
    connect_timeout=5.0,
)

Async Module Constructor

pycubrid.aio.connect()

async def connect(
    host: str = "localhost",
    port: int = 33000,
    database: str = "",
    user: str = "dba",
    password: str = "",
    decode_collections: bool = False,
    json_deserializer: Any = None,
    ssl: bool | ssl_module.SSLContext | None = None,
    **kwargs: Any,
) -> AsyncConnection

Create and open an async connection.

  • Returns a connected AsyncConnection.
  • Accepts the same collection / JSON decoding kwargs as pycubrid.connect().
  • Supports autocommit=True via await conn.set_autocommit(True) during construction.
  • Provides a similar async surface to the sync API, including await conn.ping(reconnect=...); create_lob() remains sync-only, and auto-commit changes go through await conn.set_autocommit(...) instead of a property setter.
  • Async TLS is not yet supported; passing ssl=True or an SSLContext raises NotSupportedError.
import asyncio
import pycubrid.aio

async def main() -> None:
    conn = await pycubrid.aio.connect(database="testdb")
    cur = conn.cursor()
    await cur.execute("SELECT 1")
    print(await cur.fetchone())
    await cur.close()
    await conn.close()

asyncio.run(main())

Connection Class

pycubrid.connection.Connection

Represents a single connection to a CUBRID database via the CAS broker protocol.

Connection Constructor

class Connection:
    def __init__(
        self,
        host: str,
        port: int,
        database: str,
        user: str,
        password: str,
        autocommit: bool = False,
        **kwargs: Any,
    ) -> None

Note: Do not instantiate Connection directly. Use pycubrid.connect() instead.

Selected **kwargs:

Name Type Default Description
enable_timing bool \| None None Enable optional driver-level timing instrumentation for connect, execute, fetch, and close operations. When None, falls back to the PYCUBRID_ENABLE_TIMING environment variable (truthy values: 1, true, yes, case-insensitive). When disabled, the timing module is not imported and connection.timing_stats is None (zero overhead). See Timing & Profiling Hooks.
ssl bool \| ssl.SSLContext \| None None TLS configuration for sync connections. See Connection guide.
read_timeout float \| None None Socket read timeout in seconds.
fetch_size int 100 Server-side fetch batch size.
json_deserializer Callable[[str], Any] \| None None Opt-in JSON column decoder.
decode_collections bool False Decode SET/MULTISET/SEQUENCE columns into Python collections.

Connection Methods

connect()

def connect(self) -> None

Establish a TCP CAS session with broker handshake and open the database. Called automatically by the constructor. Calling on an already-connected instance is a no-op.

Raises: OperationalError on network failure.

close()

def close(self) -> None

Close the connection and all tracked cursors. Sends a CloseDatabasePacket to the server. Calling on an already-closed connection is a no-op. After close(), any further method calls will raise InterfaceError.

conn = pycubrid.connect(database="testdb")
# ... work ...
conn.close()  # Connection and all cursors are closed

commit()

def commit(self) -> None

Commit the current transaction. Sends a CommitPacket to the server.

Raises: InterfaceError if the connection is closed.

rollback()

def rollback(self) -> None

Roll back the current transaction. Sends a RollbackPacket to the server.

Raises: InterfaceError if the connection is closed.

cursor()

def cursor(self) -> Cursor

Create and return a new Cursor bound to this connection. The cursor is tracked by the connection and will be closed when the connection closes.

Returns: A new Cursor instance.

Raises: InterfaceError if the connection is closed.

conn = pycubrid.connect(database="testdb")
cur = conn.cursor()
cur.execute("SELECT 1 + 1")
print(cur.fetchone())  # (2,)
cur.close()

get_server_version()

def get_server_version(self) -> str

Return the server engine version string (e.g., "11.2.0.0378").

conn = pycubrid.connect(database="testdb")
print(conn.get_server_version())  # "11.2.0.0378"

get_last_insert_id()

def get_last_insert_id(self) -> str

Return the last auto-increment value generated by an INSERT statement, as a string.

cur.execute("INSERT INTO users (name) VALUES ('alice')")
conn.commit()
print(conn.get_last_insert_id())  # "1"

ping(reconnect=True)

def ping(self, reconnect: bool = True) -> bool

Perform a lightweight CHECK_CAS health check without executing SQL.

  • Returns True when the CAS connection is alive.
  • When reconnect=True, attempts reconnection before returning False.
if not conn.ping():
    raise RuntimeError("database connection is unavailable")

create_lob(lob_type)

def create_lob(self, lob_type: int) -> Lob

Create a new LOB (Large Object) on the server.

Parameters:

Parameter Type Description
lob_type int LOB type code: 23 for BLOB, 24 for CLOB

Returns: A new Lob instance.

from pycubrid.constants import CUBRIDDataType

lob = conn.create_lob(CUBRIDDataType.CLOB)  # 24
lob.write(b"Hello, CUBRID!")

Important: Lob objects cannot be passed as query parameters. Insert strings/bytes directly into CLOB/BLOB columns instead. See TYPES.md for details.

get_schema_info(schema_type, table_name, pattern_match_flag)

def get_schema_info(
    self,
    schema_type: int,
    table_name: str = "",
    pattern_match_flag: int = 1,
) -> GetSchemaPacket

Query schema information from the server.

Parameters:

Parameter Type Default Description
schema_type int — Schema type code (see CCISchemaType)
table_name str "" Table name filter
pattern_match_flag int 1 Pattern match flag

Returns: A GetSchemaPacket with query_handle and tuple_count attributes.

from pycubrid.constants import CCISchemaType

packet = conn.get_schema_info(CCISchemaType.CLASS)
print(f"Found {packet.tuple_count} tables")

Available CCISchemaType values:

Code Name Description
1 CLASS Tables
2 VCLASS Views
4 ATTRIBUTE Columns
11 CONSTRAINT Constraints
16 PRIMARY_KEY Primary keys
17 IMPORTED_KEYS Foreign keys (imported)
18 EXPORTED_KEYS Foreign keys (exported)

Connection Properties

autocommit

@property
def autocommit(self) -> bool

@autocommit.setter
def autocommit(self, value: bool) -> None

Get or set the auto-commit mode. When enabled, each statement is committed immediately. Setting this property sends a SetDbParameterPacket and CommitPacket to flush the transaction state on the server.

conn = pycubrid.connect(database="testdb")
print(conn.autocommit)  # False

conn.autocommit = True
# Statements now auto-commit

timing_stats

@property
def timing_stats(self) -> TimingStats | None

Return the per-connection TimingStats accumulator when the connection was opened with enable_timing=True (or with PYCUBRID_ENABLE_TIMING set). Returns None when timing is disabled — in which case the timing module is never imported and the hot path incurs no overhead.

import pycubrid

conn = pycubrid.connect(database="testdb", enable_timing=True)
cur = conn.cursor()
cur.execute("SELECT 1")
cur.fetchall()

stats = conn.timing_stats
assert stats is not None
print(stats)
# TimingStats(connect=1 calls, 12.345ms total, 12.345ms avg,
#             execute=1 calls, 0.987ms total, 0.987ms avg,
#             fetch=1 calls, 0.123ms total, 0.123ms avg,
#             close=0 calls)

print(stats.execute_count, stats.execute_total_ns)  # 1 987000

stats.reset()  # clear all counters

See Timing & Profiling Hooks for the full guide.

Connection Context Manager

Connection implements the context manager protocol (__enter__ / __exit__).

  • On successful exit: calls commit() then close().
  • On exception: calls rollback() then close().
with pycubrid.connect(database="testdb") as conn:
    cur = conn.cursor()
    cur.execute("INSERT INTO users (name) VALUES ('bob')")
    # Auto-commits on exit

# conn is closed here

Cursor Class

pycubrid.cursor.Cursor

Represents a database cursor for executing SQL statements and fetching results.

Cursor Constructor

class Cursor:
    def __init__(self, connection: Connection) -> None

Note: Do not instantiate Cursor directly. Use connection.cursor() instead.

Cursor Methods

execute(operation, parameters)

def execute(
    self,
    operation: str,
    parameters: Sequence[Any] | None = None,
) -> Cursor

Prepare and execute a SQL statement.

Parameters:

Parameter Type Description
operation str SQL statement with optional ? placeholders
parameters Sequence or None Non-string positional parameter values to bind

Returns: The cursor itself (for chaining).

Raises: - InterfaceError if the cursor is closed - ProgrammingError on SQL errors or parameter mismatch

# Simple query
cur.execute("SELECT * FROM users")

# Parameterized query (qmark style)
cur.execute("SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > ?", [21])

# INSERT with parameters
cur.execute("INSERT INTO users (name, age) VALUES (?, ?)", ["alice", 30])

Important: mappings such as dict are not supported for parameter binding. Passing a mapping raises ProgrammingError("parameters must be a sequence").

Supported parameter types:

Python Type SQL Literal
None NULL
bool 1 / 0
str 'escaped'
bytes X'hex'
int, float Numeric literal
Decimal Numeric literal
datetime.date DATE'YYYY-MM-DD'
datetime.time TIME'HH:MM:SS'
datetime.datetime DATETIME'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.mmm'

executemany(operation, seq_of_parameters)

def executemany(
    self,
    operation: str,
    seq_of_parameters: Sequence[Sequence[Any]],
) -> Cursor

Execute the same SQL statement repeatedly with different parameter sets. Each element must be a non-string sequence. For non-SELECT statements, rowcount is set to the cumulative total of affected rows.

data = [("alice", 30), ("bob", 25), ("carol", 28)]
cur.executemany("INSERT INTO users (name, age) VALUES (?, ?)", data)
print(cur.rowcount)  # 3

nextset()

def nextset(self) -> None

DB-API compatibility method. pycubrid does not expose multiple server result sets through this interface, so nextset() always returns None after checking that the cursor is still open.

assert cur.nextset() is None

executemany_batch(sql_list, auto_commit)

def executemany_batch(
    self,
    sql_list: list[str],
    auto_commit: bool | None = None,
) -> list[tuple[int, int]]

Execute multiple distinct SQL statements in a single batch request to the server. This is more efficient than calling execute() in a loop when the SQL statements differ.

Parameters:

Parameter Type Description
sql_list list[str] List of complete SQL statements
auto_commit bool or None Override auto-commit for this batch (default: connection setting)

Returns: List of (statement_type, result_count) tuples.

results = cur.executemany_batch([
    "CREATE TABLE t1 (id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, val VARCHAR(50))",
    "INSERT INTO t1 (val) VALUES ('hello')",
    "INSERT INTO t1 (val) VALUES ('world')",
])
# results: [(4, 0), (20, 1), (20, 1)]
# statement_type 4 = CREATE_CLASS, 20 = INSERT

Note: executemany_batch is a pycubrid extension, not part of PEP 249.

fetchone()

def fetchone(self) -> tuple[Any, ...] | None

Fetch the next row of a query result set. Returns None when no more rows are available. Automatically fetches more rows from the server when the local buffer is exhausted (100 rows per fetch).

cur.execute("SELECT name, age FROM users")
row = cur.fetchone()
if row:
    name, age = row

fetchmany(size)

def fetchmany(self, size: int | None = None) -> list[tuple[Any, ...]]

Fetch the next size rows. Defaults to cursor.arraysize if size is not specified.

cur.execute("SELECT * FROM users")
batch = cur.fetchmany(10)  # Up to 10 rows

fetchall()

def fetchall(self) -> list[tuple[Any, ...]]

Fetch all remaining rows of a query result. Returns an empty list if no rows remain.

cur.execute("SELECT * FROM users")
all_rows = cur.fetchall()
for row in all_rows:
    print(row)

callproc(procname, parameters)

def callproc(
    self,
    procname: str,
    parameters: Sequence[Any] = (),
) -> Sequence[Any]

Call a stored procedure. Constructs and executes a CALL procname(?, ?, ...) statement.

Returns: The original parameters sequence (as per PEP 249).

cur.callproc("my_procedure", [1, "hello"])

setinputsizes(sizes)

def setinputsizes(self, sizes: Any) -> None

DB-API no-op. Accepted for compatibility.

setoutputsize(size, column)

def setoutputsize(self, size: int, column: int | None = None) -> None

DB-API no-op. Accepted for compatibility.

close()

def close(self) -> None

Close the cursor and release the active query handle. Calling on an already-closed cursor is a no-op.

Cursor Properties

description

@property
def description(self) -> tuple[DescriptionItem, ...] | None

Return result-set metadata for the last executed statement, or None if no query has been executed or the last statement did not return rows.

Each item is a 7-tuple:

(name, type_code, display_size, internal_size, precision, scale, null_ok)
#  str    int        None           None          int       int    bool
Index Field Type Description
0 name str Column name
1 type_code int CUBRID data type code (see CUBRIDDataType)
2 display_size None Not used
3 internal_size None Not used
4 precision int Column precision
5 scale int Column scale
6 null_ok bool Whether the column is nullable 
cur.execute("SELECT name, age FROM users")
for col in cur.description:
    print(f"{col[0]}: type={col[1]}, precision={col[4]}, nullable={col[6]}")

rowcount

@property
def rowcount(self) -> int

Number of rows affected by the last execute() call. Returns -1 for SELECT statements or if no statement has been executed.

lastrowid

@property
def lastrowid(self) -> int | None

Last generated auto-increment identifier for an INSERT statement. None if no INSERT has been executed or the table has no auto-increment column.

cur.execute("INSERT INTO users (name) VALUES ('alice')")
print(cur.lastrowid)  # e.g., 1

arraysize

@property
def arraysize(self) -> int

@arraysize.setter
def arraysize(self, value: int) -> None

Default number of rows for fetchmany(). Defaults to 1.

Raises: ProgrammingError if set to a value less than 1.

Iterator Protocol

Cursor implements the iterator protocol, allowing you to iterate directly over result rows:

cur.execute("SELECT name, age FROM users")
for name, age in cur:
    print(f"{name} is {age} years old")

Calls fetchone() internally. Raises StopIteration when no more rows.

Cursor Context Manager

with conn.cursor() as cur:
    cur.execute("SELECT 1")
    print(cur.fetchone())
# cur is automatically closed

AsyncConnection Class

pycubrid.aio.connection.AsyncConnection

Async counterpart to Connection for use with asyncio, with a similar surface rather than full method-for-method parity.

Selected Methods

Method Signature Notes
cursor() def cursor(self) -> AsyncCursor Returns an async cursor immediately; do not await it
commit() async def commit(self) -> None Commit current transaction
rollback() async def rollback(self) -> None Roll back current transaction
close() async def close(self) -> None Close connection and tracked cursors
ping() async def ping(self, reconnect: bool = True) -> bool Native CHECK_CAS health check with optional reconnect
get_server_version() async def get_server_version(self) -> str Fetch engine version
get_last_insert_id() async def get_last_insert_id(self) -> str Fetch last AUTO_INCREMENT value
get_schema_info() async def get_schema_info(...) -> GetSchemaPacket Returns the parsed packet object
set_autocommit() async def set_autocommit(self, value: bool) -> None Sends SetDbParameterPacket and CommitPacket

AsyncConnection exposes async ping() parity with sync Connection.ping(). create_lob() remains sync-only.

async with await pycubrid.aio.connect(database="testdb") as conn:
    cur = conn.cursor()
    await cur.execute("INSERT INTO logs (msg) VALUES (?)", ["ok"])
    await conn.set_autocommit(True)
    await cur.close()

set_autocommit(value)

AsyncConnection.autocommit is read-only; use await conn.set_autocommit(True) to change it. Like the sync setter, this sends both SetDbParameterPacket and CommitPacket.

ping(reconnect=True)

async def ping(self, reconnect: bool = True) -> bool

Perform a lightweight native CHECK_CAS health check without executing SQL.

  • Returns True when the CAS connection is alive.
  • Always issues the native CHECK_CAS round-trip when the socket is open, regardless of the broker's transaction status (CAS_INFO).
  • When reconnect=False, suppresses the implicit broker-handoff reconnect that normally fires on CAS_INFO=INACTIVE; returns False only if the socket is closed or CHECK_CAS itself fails.
  • When reconnect=True, attempts close + reconnect on socket/protocol failure before returning False.
if not await conn.ping(reconnect=False):
    await conn.ping(reconnect=True)

AsyncCursor Class

pycubrid.aio.cursor.AsyncCursor

Async counterpart to Cursor.

Selected Methods

Method Signature Notes
execute() async def execute(self, operation: str, parameters: Sequence[Any] \| None = None) -> AsyncCursor Sequence-only parameter binding, same rules as sync cursor
executemany() async def executemany(self, operation: str, seq_of_parameters: Sequence[Sequence[Any]]) -> AsyncCursor Batch path for non-SELECT statements
fetchone() async def fetchone(self) -> tuple[Any, ...] \| None Returns one row or None
fetchmany() async def fetchmany(self, size: int \| None = None) -> list[tuple[Any, ...]] Uses arraysize by default
fetchall() async def fetchall(self) -> list[tuple[Any, ...]] Returns remaining rows
nextset() async def nextset(self) -> None DB-API compatibility method; always returns None
close() async def close(self) -> None Releases active query handle 
cur = conn.cursor()          # not awaitable
await cur.execute("SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > ?", [21])
rows = await cur.fetchall()
assert await cur.nextset() is None

Lob Class

pycubrid.lob.Lob

Represents a CUBRID Large Object (BLOB or CLOB).

Lob Factory Method

Lob.create(connection, lob_type)

@classmethod
def create(cls, connection: Connection, lob_type: int) -> Lob

Create a new LOB object on the server. Prefer using connection.create_lob() instead.

Parameters:

Parameter Type Description
connection Connection Active database connection
lob_type int CUBRIDDataType.BLOB (23) or CUBRIDDataType.CLOB (24)

Raises: ValueError if lob_type is not BLOB or CLOB.

Lob Methods

write(data, offset)

def write(self, data: bytes, offset: int = 0) -> int

Write bytes to the LOB starting from offset.

Returns: Number of bytes written.

read(length, offset)

def read(self, length: int, offset: int = 0) -> bytes

Read up to length bytes from the LOB starting from offset.

Returns: The read bytes.

Lob Properties

lob_handle

@property
def lob_handle(self) -> bytes

The raw LOB handle bytes used for server communication.

lob_type

@property
def lob_type(self) -> int

The LOB type code (23 = BLOB, 24 = CLOB).

LOB Usage Notes

LOB columns return a dict on fetch, not a Lob object:

cur.execute("SELECT clob_col FROM my_table")
row = cur.fetchone()
lob_info = row[0]
# {'lob_type': 24, 'lob_length': 1234, 'file_locator': '...', 'packed_lob_handle': b'...'}

To insert LOB data, pass strings/bytes directly:

cur.execute("INSERT INTO my_table (clob_col) VALUES (?)", ["large text content"])

TimingStats Class

pycubrid.timing.TimingStats — also re-exported as pycubrid.TimingStats.

Per-connection accumulator for optional driver-level timing instrumentation. Instances are created automatically when a connection is opened with enable_timing=True (or with PYCUBRID_ENABLE_TIMING set) and are exposed via Connection.timing_stats.

When to use: quick in-process diagnosis of where wall-clock time is going (connect vs execute vs fetch vs close) without reaching for cProfile or external profilers. For deep hot-path analysis, prefer the standalone profiling scripts in Performance Investigation.

Counters

All counters are plain int attributes. Durations are nanoseconds captured via time.perf_counter_ns(). Updates are serialised by an internal threading.Lock so the object is safe to read from a thread other than the one driving the connection.

Attribute Type Description
connect_count / connect_total_ns int Total number of Connection.connect() calls and cumulative elapsed time. Recorded even on failure.
execute_count / execute_total_ns int Cursor.execute() and executemany() calls and cumulative elapsed time.
fetch_count / fetch_total_ns int fetchone() / fetchmany() / fetchall() calls combined and cumulative elapsed time.
close_count / close_total_ns int Connection.close() calls and cumulative elapsed time.

Methods

reset()

def reset(self) -> None

Reset every counter to zero atomically. Useful for measuring a specific code section after a warm-up phase.

__repr__()

Returns a human-readable summary, e.g.:

TimingStats(connect=1 calls, 12.345ms total, 12.345ms avg,
            execute=10 calls, 4.200ms total, 0.420ms avg,
            fetch=10 calls, 1.500ms total, 0.150ms avg,
            close=0 calls)

Async parity

pycubrid.aio.AsyncConnection accepts the same enable_timing keyword and exposes the same timing_stats property with identical semantics. Async durations include event-loop scheduling latency — treat them as end-to-end client-side latency, not pure server time.

Exception Hierarchy

pycubrid implements the full PEP 249 exception hierarchy:

```mermaid graph TD exception[Exception] warning[Warning] error[Error] interface[InterfaceError] database[DatabaseError] data[DataError] operational[OperationalError] integrity[IntegrityError] internal[InternalError] programming[ProgrammingError] notsupported[NotSupportedError]

exception --> warning
exception --> error
error --> interface
error --> database
database --> data
database --> operational
database --> integrity
database --> internal
database --> programming
database --> notsupported

```

All exceptions have msg (str) and code (int) attributes. DatabaseError and its subclasses additionally have errno (int | None) and sqlstate (str | None).

Warning

class Warning(Exception):
    def __init__(self, msg: str = "", code: int = 0) -> None

Raised for important warnings (e.g., data truncation during insertion).

Error

class Error(Exception):
    def __init__(self, msg: str = "", code: int = 0) -> None

Base class for all pycubrid errors.

InterfaceError

class InterfaceError(Error)

Raised for errors related to the database interface — calling methods on closed connections/cursors, invalid arguments, etc.

DatabaseError

class DatabaseError(Error):
    def __init__(
        self,
        msg: str = "",
        code: int = 0,
        errno: int | None = None,
        sqlstate: str | None = None,
    ) -> None

Base class for database-side errors. Includes errno and sqlstate for server-reported error details.

DataError

class DataError(DatabaseError)

Raised for data processing problems (division by zero, numeric overflow, etc.).

OperationalError

class OperationalError(DatabaseError)

Raised for database operation errors (unexpected disconnect, memory errors, transaction failures, connection lost).

IntegrityError

class IntegrityError(DatabaseError)

Raised when relational integrity is affected (foreign key violation, duplicate key, constraint violation).

InternalError

class InternalError(DatabaseError)

Raised for internal database errors (invalid cursor state, out-of-sync transactions).

ProgrammingError

class ProgrammingError(DatabaseError)

Raised for programming errors (SQL syntax errors, table not found, wrong number of parameters, unsupported parameter types).

NotSupportedError

class NotSupportedError(DatabaseError)

Raised when an unsupported method or API is called.

Error Classification

pycubrid automatically classifies server errors based on the error message:

Keywords in error message Exception raised
unique, duplicate, foreign key, constraint violation IntegrityError
syntax, unknown class, does not exist, not found ProgrammingError
All others DatabaseError

Type Objects

PEP 249 type objects for comparing cursor.description type codes:

Type Object Description Matching CUBRID types
STRING String types CHAR, STRING, NCHAR, VARNCHAR, ENUM, CLOB, JSON
BINARY Binary types BIT, VARBIT, BLOB
NUMBER Numeric types SHORT, INT, BIGINT, FLOAT, DOUBLE, NUMERIC, MONETARY
DATETIME Date/time types DATE, TIME, DATETIME, TIMESTAMP
ROWID Row ID types OBJECT 
import pycubrid

cur.execute("SELECT name FROM users")
type_code = cur.description[0][1]

if type_code == pycubrid.STRING:
    print("It's a string column")

Type Constructors

PEP 249 constructor functions:

Constructor Return Type Description
Date(y, m, d) datetime.date Construct a date
Time(h, m, s) datetime.time Construct a time
Timestamp(y,m,d,h,m,s) datetime.datetime Construct a timestamp
DateFromTicks(t) datetime.date Date from Unix ticks
TimeFromTicks(t) datetime.time Time from Unix ticks
TimestampFromTicks(t) datetime.datetime Timestamp from Unix ticks
Binary(s) bytes Binary string from bytes 
import pycubrid

d = pycubrid.Date(2025, 1, 15)
t = pycubrid.Time(14, 30, 0)
ts = pycubrid.Timestamp(2025, 1, 15, 14, 30, 0)
b = pycubrid.Binary(b"\x00\x01\x02")